Transfer material



July 15, 1952 D/A. NEWMAN 0 TRANSFER MATERIAL Filed 001:. 1, 1948 7 zumvrox. D0 zyZao A. New/11am -BY- 7 AWoRA/EM? Patented July 15, 1952 12 6 3 1 V, TRANSFER M RIAL J H I Douglas A. Newman, Sea o1i1r',,N. -Y.,= assignor to" Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Company, Inc.-, Glen'Cove, N. Y., acorporation of New York Application October 1, 1948, Serial No. 52,385

This invention relates ticularly to an improved transfer or carbon strip for use in'manufacturing manifolding sets formed ofrecord sheets or strips collated with one or more ,transferor carbon'sheets or strips.)

More particularly this invention relates to improvements in carbon strips of the general type having double faced thermo-responsiveadhesive portions which make possible attachment ofthe strip to both adjacent record strips by the mere application of heat and pressure.

With two opposite local adhesive applications made along one margin of the strip, as had been the known practice in the art, a substantial difference in thickness between'the carbonized portion and adhesive-carrying portion of the web exists and winding the strip {on a coreto form a roll, for instance in collecting the product 13 Claims. (01. gs2 19) to manifolding and parof the coating machine, is impractical because the hills," and valleys formed on the roll by the uneven thickness,' causes the web to crinkle or break,' or both;

It is therefore an provide a carbon strip carrying double faced thermo-responsive adhesive portions having a construction such that it can be readily wound wrinkle-free convolutions throughout. I

It hasbeen found that the fusible coatings, usually containing wax, normally used in makingcarbon paper have a slight adhesive property when subjected to heat and pressure. ;'I his however is inadequate for the purpose of firmly connecting the elements of a manifolding'set which must be reliably held in proper register to form a substantially .mooth roll having object 6r this invention to I through periods of reasonably severe handling prior to the time when the elements thereof are-intentionally separated. I have discovered, however, that a coating, primarily of; wax, such as is usually applied for transfer purposes, may

. be'modified to serve both as a transfer coating and as a strong,normallyinactiveadhesivecoating, and my invention has for a further object the provision, of a, transfer sheet carrying such a modified coating.

The difficulties, mentioned above have been overcome by my,invention inwhich'the carbon strip is provided-onea'ch face withfa coating of uniform thickness, each such coating also including as, an'admixed'portion thereof -an"ad hesive' material whichiis thermo-responsive in character. 1 Such a construction is feasible since the adhesive material, being thermo-responsive,

is ineffective over the major portion of the area of the strip, but can be activated by heat and pressure 'inany desired locality,'norm a-lly along one margin.

'Other objects and advantages will'hereinafter.

appear. V .7 In the accompanying drawings-- I j Figure; 1 isa perspective viewrof arolled strip 2 I: of carbon paper in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross section of the strip shown in Fig. 1, taken on line 22 thereof.

Fig. 3- is a'perspectiv'e view of a manifolding set which is made using the strip of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a rolled strip of carbon paper illustrating a modification of the invention. a I

" Fig. 5 is a perspective view of amanifolding setwhichis made using the strip of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan showing details of a record. sheet used in constructing the set of Figj. 'i is a fragmentary plan similar to Fig. 6

and showing-a modification of the record sheet.

" property is confined to one surface'o'nly of the webs v As illustrated on an enlarged scalein Fig.12, each jof the coatings H and It carries an adhesive composition distributed therethrough with substantialuniformity; Inthe illustratedform of my invention, which form' is. at present'preferred, the adhesive material may consist .of discrete particles. l3 of a'normallyinactive thermo-responsive adhesive composition which particles are distributed throughout the coatings :ll and 12 with Y substantially uniform spacing. .1 However, it will be understood that-myninvention 'is not limited in this respect and, that a suitable coating mixture may be'preparedv by the admixture with the basic coating material of a normally inactive thermo-responsive adhesive composition in any desired fashion. 7

The particles I3 may be of any suitable thermoresponsive adhesive material, the requirements being that the handling temperatures of the coating mixture, approximately F.',-be insufficient to soften the adhesive to such a degree that the particles ;will have a tendency to adhere tates and ethyl cellulose, both of which are thermo-plastic ,in character, and the phenolic resins, which have thermo-setting properties. In the case of polyvinyl acetates, only polymers of; higher viscosity should be employed since 3 The fusible coating .may be'prepared,i for example, by "providing the usual mixture'of wax and mineral oil, and, for the transfer surface,

pigment or dye material, which mixture is rendered fluid by subjection to appropriatetemperatures in the neighborhood of 180 F, The adhesive particles may be prepared by :reducing the selected adhesive material'toa :finely divided state in suitable comminuting apparatus, whereupon the particles are added to the heated mix and evenly distributed loyproper agitation thereof. pigment or dye material included, and.one .in which the same has been omitted, are evenly distributed upon the surfaces of a paper web It, and allowed to cool and set, a product as shown inFig'Z results. V

The :transfer ,stripTofFig. 4 is designated by numerarla' and -is-similar to that-of Figs. 1 and 2, fin-so far a'sth1e:;manner of handling the adhesive-is concerned; "Fig.4, however, illustrates the application of the invention -to a double faced transfer sheet used in certain manifold- :ing sets'whichinclude 'altransparent or translucentrecord sheet: In this form'a base web 10 is provided-and'a coating -l"l containin pigment jand/ondye-is applied to each face thereof.

Strips prepared in accordance with the foregoing .description arereadily accumulated by winding: into the form of a rollsince the coat- Lings' thereon are :uniform in thickness and variza'tionsiacross the {web which ordinarily result fromithe :local' adhesive coatings :employed in the prior artthave beeneliminated.

An-additional advantageto be derived frommy invention is found ;in the convenient -way-in which ic'arbon s'heets or strips "formed in the .above-idescribedmahner facilitate the operation 'of'assernblingisheet's orstrips during the'manu- :factureof manifolding sets. After the carbon sheets or strips have been collated with the'approp'riate original and duplicate 'record sheets or strips 'to :provide. sets, .the sets are :preferably stacked and clamped in order that: a :large :num- Zber may 'be held 'in" ,registerrto receive thead- .herin'g'itreatment of Zheatiand pressure at the same time. There are,"however, limitations on the height to whichisuchsetsmay be stacked when previously known types of double adhesive carbon are :used; The reason for this is that the. addedlthickness alonglthe' adhesive margin' caus'es the-stack to ibecome moreand more 'irregularin shape as its Iheightincreases, so that stacks 'of .a limited :h'eight' only can be. satisfactorily handled 'sby' the clamping means. "When the uni'formly coated carbon ofmy invention-is substituted, the stack retains its regular :outline regardless of height and the-amountwhich can 'be handled at one time'i' is limited only by the =physicalfdimension's of' the clamping device or 'the efiectiveness' of "the adhesive activating m'eans.

5A jrcrpher dvantage "or the carbon strip of my invention -i' s-it's allfover adhesive characteristic which enable'sltheele'merits of a manifolding set to be: adhered m desired locality; 'The asseinbl'yper'ation s therefore rendered more flexible than when previous'ly known types of double adhesive "carbon are used, since registration of the-adhesive activating means witha local ad- -hesiveapplication is unnecessary.

A-further corrollary to the last-mentioned advantage' of all-over adhesiveness'ofthe strip is the important feature of production flexibility. When the transfer mediurn of' this invention is When such coatings, one having 4 formed in a "wide web and slit'into :individual "strips according to the usual practice 'in'the art, no correlation between the application of adrhesive and the slitting of the strip is required.

Whenstrips of a given width are desired, they may be formed by merely slitting any wide web =in stock without regard for the location of a ,particular adhesive application.

Certain of theuses to which the carbon strips of the presentinvention may be put are illustratedlin Figs..3 and 5. Fig. 3 shows a set 20 consisting of ancriginal record sheet 2| and one .ori' m'ore duplicate record sheets 22. Between each pair of record sheets is inserted a carbon sheet 23 which is formedmy.chopping-the-appropriate length froma {strip l a The sheetsarc connected together by applying heat and pressure along the .marginalportion-M .-so that the stack of sheets is united .to..form1 a. set by. virtue of the adhesive .onIbothlfacesof-the interleaved carbons, g 1 i The set .3fl, illu'strated.in'Fig. .5 is in most respects similar ,to .the-setZO, .and where the-reference characters applied thereto are the same as in Fig. 3, they have-the samesignificance. .Theset-of Fig.-..5,.however; is. capable of producing two duplicates per carbon .by reason .of the.

double .carbon surface on carbon .sheets 33 which are made by chopping appropriate lengths .from strip .la. The usualnopaque duplicate ,record sheet 22 appears .below the 'carbon whilean ,additional duplicaterecord sheet 34 which is trans- ,parent 'or translucent pis gplaced in .the set L above the carbon, andreceivesits carbon markings in reverseon the backside thereof so that .they may be readily interpreted :by reading through ..the sheet. -Since such a-transparentduplicate sheet 34 :has the effect of separating theadhesive .of the carbon sheet i3- from the overlying opaque duplicate 2-2, openings :35- must be provided .in the marginal portion thereof, as shown in Fig. 6, inorderuth-atthe-ladhesive carried-by the carbon-may secure both cf the two immediately overlying.sheetsthereto. a 7

vAn alternative construction for the transpar- .ent;or translucent duplicate sheet is shown-in .Fig. whereinthesheet=3fiwisprovided with-an adhesive coatin seen-each surface thereof the adhesive material of 'WhiChiS similar in nature .to :the adhesive material used in making the carbonlstrips. While the use-of sheets 34armay affeet to some extent the: set handling and clamp.- ingadvantageof a uniformly-coated carbon, the other advantages thereof remain unimpaired.

The set construction-shown in Figs. 3 and 5 may be modified -byextending-the dimension parallel .to the marginal portion '24 and repeating.-the..fomnsprinted on the record sheets, resulting in a manifolding setofthe continuous type which can be constructed directly using the carbon strips of Figs; 1 and Altogether withconvtinuous record stripsLand omitting .the step of chopping the same to form sheets. 7 Y

Itwill be seem-therefore, that my invention provides .a strip of transfer material having adhesive :properties .on both. faces,=but which may also .be successful-1y rolled andotherwise conveniently handled in large -quantities dueto the uniform :thicknessofthe coatings. Furthermore, my invention results in a strip of transfer material which may be rendered adhesiveover any portionofboth faces but in which the transfer property remains unimpaired in those portions which are nota'dhered.

Variations and modifications maybe made within the scope of this invention and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

I claim:

1. As a new article of manufacture a transfer medium comprising a web of fabric having thereon a coating of transfer material, said coating carrying discrete particles of thermo responsive adhesive material suspended therein, said particles being unaffected by and insoluble in said coating and capable of remaining in discrete particle form at the fusion temperature of said coating. 1 i- 2. As a new article of manufacture a strip of transfer material each surface of which has a coating thereon substantially covering the same, at least one of said coatings being transferable from said strip to an adjacent surface by writing pressure, said coatings carrying discrete particles of thermo-responsive adhesive material suspended therein, said particles being unaffected by and said coatings substantially covering its respecinsoluble in said coatings and capable of remaining in discrete particle form at the fusion temperature of said transferable coating.

3. As a new article of manufacture a strip of transfer material each surface of which has a fusible coating thereon substantially covering the same, at least one of said coatings being transferable from said strip to an adjacent surface by writing pressure, said coatings each including as an admixed portion thereof and distributed throughout the same, a thermo-responsive adhesive synthetic resin unaffected by and insoluble in said coatings and of such character that the thermal response of said material for adhesive purposes occurs at a temperature in excess of the fusion temperature of said coatings.

4. As a new article of manfacture a strip of transfer material each surface of which has a fusible coating thereon substantially covering the same, at least one of said coatings being transferable from said strip to an adjacent surface by writing pressure, said coatings having suspended therein discrete particles of thermoresponsive adhesive material of such character that the thermal response of said material for adhesive purposes occurs at a temperature in excess ofthe fusion temperature of said coatings.

5. As a new article of manufacture a strip of transfer material, one surface of which carries a coating having transfer properties, and the other surface of which carries a coating lacking in transfer properties, both of said coatings substantially covering their respective surfaces, being fusible and having suspended therein discrete particles of thermo-responsive adhesive material insoluble in and unaffected by said coatings and of such character that the thermo-response of said material for adhesive purposes occurs at a temperature in excess of the fusion temv perature of said coatings. v v

6. As a, new article of manufacture a strip particle form at the fusion temperature of tive surface, and discrete particles of thermoresponsive adhesive synthetic resin carried by said coatings, capable of remaining in discrete the coatings.

9. As a new article of manufacture a roll of transfer material comprising .a strip having a coating thereon at least part of which has transfer properties, all of said coating having suspended therein discrete particles of thermoresponsive adhesive synthetic resin, said strip being wound to form a roll having substantially wrinkle-free convolutions throughout.

10. As a new article of manufacture a web of fabric having thereon a coating of transfer material, said coating extending over substantially the whole area of at least one surface of said web, and being of substantially uniform thickness, and discrete particles of thermo-responsive adhesive material suspended throughout said coating, capable of remaining in discrete particle form at the fusion temperature of transfer material carrying a fusible coating at least part of which has transfer properties, all of said coating having suspended therein discrete particles of thermo-plastic adhesive'synthetic resin the plasticizing temperature of which is higher than the fusion temperature of said coating.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a strip of transfer material carrying a fusible coating at least part of which has transfer properties, all of said coating having suspended therein discrete particles of normally inactive thermo-setting adhesive material which first softens and then sets in response to the application of heat thereto, the softening temperature of said adof the coating.

11. As a new article of manufacture a strip of transfer material, each surface of which has a uniform all-over coating thereon, at least one of said coatings being transferable from said strip to an adjacent surface by writing pressure, said coatings carrying discrete particles of a thermo-responsive adhesive synthetic resin suspended throughout said coatings.

12. As a new article of manufacture a sheet of transfer material for interleaving with individual record sheets, said transfer sheet comprising a uniform all-over coating on at least one surface thereof, which coating is transferable from said sheet to an adjacent surface by writing pressure, and discrete particles of a thermo-responsive adhesive synthetic resin suspended throughout said coating.

13. As a new article of manufacture, a sheet of transfer material for interleaving with individual record sheets, said transfer sheet comprising a uniform all-over coating on each surface thereof, one only of said coatings carrying pigment suitable for indicia transfer, and discrete, particles of thermo-responsive adhesive material suspended throughout said coatings, capable of remaining in discrete particle form at the fusion temperature of the pigment coatmg.

\ I DOUGLAS A. NEWMAN.

REFERENCES orrnn The following references are of record in the file of'this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,800,560 Neidich Apr. 14, 1931 1,800,561 Neidich Apr. 14,1931 2,022,276 Dixon et a1 Nov. 26, 1935 2,068,268 Francis Jan. 19, 1937 2,084,221 Schutz June 15, 1937 2,135,538 Sherman Nov. 8, 1938 2,192,268 Lane et al Mar. 5, 1940 2,260,602 Brenn Oct. 28, 1941 2,273,005 Beach Feb. 17, 1942 

